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CP 2017-07-18 (Special)City Council City of Coppell, Texas Meeting Agenda 255 Parkway Boulevard Coppell, Texas 75019-9478 2nd Floor Conference Room6:00 PMTuesday, July 18, 2017 Special Called Work Session KAREN HUNT NANCY YINGLING Mayor Mayor Pro Tem CLIFF LONG GARY RODEN Place 1 Place 4 BRIANNA HINOJOSA-FLORES MARVIN FRANKLIN Place 2 Place 6 WES MAYS MARK HILL Place 3 Place 7 MIKE LAND City Manager Notice is hereby given that the City Council of the City of Coppell, Texas will meet in a Special Called Work Session at 6:00 p.m. in the 2nd Floor Conference Room of Town Center, 255 Parkway Boulevard, Coppell, Texas. As authorized by Section 551.071(2) of the Texas Government Code, this meeting may be convened into closed Executive Session for the purpose of seeking confidential legal advice from the City Attorney on any agenda item listed herein. The City of Coppell reserves the right to reconvene, recess or realign the Work Session or called Executive Session or order of business at any time prior to adjournment. The purpose of the meeting is to consider the following items: Work Session (Open to the Public) 2nd Floor Conference Room 1.Call to Order 2.Presentation and discussion regarding the formal “Standards of Cover” analysis for the Coppell Fire Department. Staff Memo-Standards of Cover Comprehensive Report.pdf Coppell Exec Summary.pdf Attachments: Page 1 City of Coppell, Texas Printed on 7/14/2017 July 18, 2017City Council Meeting Agenda Adjournment ________________________ Karen Selbo Hunt, Mayor CERTIFICATE I certify that the above Notice of Meeting was posted on the bulletin board at the City Hall of the City of Coppell, Texas on this 14th day of July, 2017, at _____________. ______________________________ Christel Pettinos, City Secretary PUBLIC NOTICE - STATEMENT FOR ADA COMPLIANCE AND OPEN CARRY LEGISLATION The City of Coppell acknowledges its responsibility to comply with the Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990. Thus, in order to assist individuals with disabilities who require special services (i.e. sign interpretative services, alternative audio/visual devices, and amanuenses) for participation in or access to the City of Coppell sponsored public programs, services and/or meetings, the City requests that individuals makes requests for these services forty-eight (48) hours ahead of the scheduled program, service, and/or meeting. To make arrangements, contact Vivyon V. Bowman, ADA Coordinator or other designated official at (972) 462-0022, or (TDD 1-800-RELAY, TX 1-800-735-2989). Pursuant to Section 30.06, Penal Code (trespass by license holder with a concealed handgun), a person licensed under Subchapter H, Chapter 411, Government Code (handgun licensing law), may not enter this property with a concealed handgun. Pursuant to Section 30.07, Penal Code (trespass by license holder with an openly carried handgun), a person licensed under Subchapter H, Chapter 411, Government Code (handgun licensing law), may not enter this property with a handgun that is carried openly. Page 2 City of Coppell, Texas Printed on 7/14/2017 Master City of Coppell, Texas 255 Parkway Boulevard Coppell, Texas 75019-9478 File Number: 2017-3469 File ID: Type: Status: 2017-3469 Agenda Item Agenda Ready 1Version: Reference: In Control: City Secretary 07/11/2017File Created: Final Action: Special Work SessionFile Name: Title: Presentation and discussion regarding the formal “Standards of Cover” analysis for the Coppell Fire Department. Notes: Agenda Date: 07/18/2017 Agenda Number: 2. Sponsors: Enactment Date: Staff Memo-Standards of Cover Comprehensive Report.pdf, Coppell Exec Summary.pdf Attachments: Enactment Number: Hearing Date: Contact: Effective Date: Drafter: History of Legislative File Action: Result: Return Date: Due Date: Sent To: Date: Acting Body: Ver- sion: 1 07/18/2017City Council Text of Legislative File 2017-3469 Title Presentation and discussion regarding the formal “Standards of Cover” analysis for the Coppell Fire Department. Summary Fiscal Impact: [Enter Fiscal Impact Statement Here] Staff Recommendation: [Enter Staff Recommendation Here] Goal Icon: Sustainable City Government Page 1City of Coppell, Texas Printed on 7/14/2017 Master Continued (2017-3469) Business Prosperity Community Wellness and Enrichment Sense of Community Special Place to Live Page 2City of Coppell, Texas Printed on 7/14/2017 1 MEMORANDUM To: Mayor and City Council From: Kevin Richardson, Fire Chief Date: July 18, 2017 Reference: Standards of Cover Comprehensive Report. 2030: Excellent City Services Introduction: During the February 28, 2017 City Council Work Session, I presented the results of our final report from the Insurance Service Office (ISO). Although we maintained our “Class 1” status, several response time deficiencies and service gaps were highlighted. On March 7, I presented a more detailed report on the challenges in meeting industry standards for emergency response times. The City Council agreed with my recommendation to obtain a consulting firm to further pursue a comprehensive report that focuses on a wholistic approach and long term solutions. Analysis: The Coppell Fire Department selected Emergency Services Consulting Inc. (ESCI) to facilitate the process and develop a formal Standards of Cover document. ESCI has vast experience with numerous public safety agencies throughout the country and within Texas. The company has glowing references from several North Texas Agencies such as DFW Airport, Grapevine, McKinney, Farmers Branch, Cedar Hill, Keller, Trophy Club, and North East Fire Department Association NEFDA (13 agencies located in Tarrant County). A Standards of Cover Analysis is defined by The Center for Fire Accreditation International (CFAI) as written procedures that determines the distribution and concentration of capital and personnel resources of an organization. The purpose for completing such a document is to assist the agency in ensuring a safe and effective response force for fire suppression, emergency medical services, and specialty response situations in addition to homeland security issues. 2 Creating a Standards of Cover requires that a number of areas be researched, studied, and evaluated. This type of project began with an overview of both the community and the agency. The next steps in this process included a risk assessment, evaluation of locally generated critical task analysis, determining current agency service levels objectives, and then assessing distribution and concentration measures. We then focused on fire department facilities location and deployment procedures. This required a comprehensive assessment of current emergency services and responses. It included a historical review, as well as an analysis of future community growth as it affects the organization’s potential work load. This effort defines the current level of service being provided, identifies geographic areas not receiving the desired level of service, projects the impact of future development and community growth, and identifies deployment alternatives for facilities, personnel, and apparatus. A detailed report of the reliability studies and historical performance are presented through charts and graphs. The report concludes with policy recommendations. The report is fully compliance with industry best practices in the field of deployment analysis. This evaluation and analysis of data is based on nationally recognized guidelines and criteria, including National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) standards, Insurance Services Office (ISO) schedules, any federal and state mandates relative to emergency services, and generally accepted practices within emergency services. The Standards of Cover provides the Coppell Fire Department with a document directed at limiting liabilities, aiming for better response times, and ultimately improving the quality of service provided. Legal Review: Agenda item did not require legal review Fiscal Impact: There is no fiscal impact of this work session item. Recommendation: The Fire Department recommends acceptance of the report. STANDARDS OF COVER AND STATION EVAULATION STUDY EXECUTIVE SUMMARY City of Coppell Texas 2017 Coppell, TX Fire Department Standards of Cover – Executive Summary 1 1 Introduction The following report serves as the Coppell Fire Department’s “Integrated Risk Management Plan: Standards of Cover” document. The Center for Fire Accreditation International (CFAI) defines the process, known as “deployment analysis”, as written procedures which determine the distribution and concentration of fixed and mobile resources of an organization. The purpose for completing such a document is to assist the agency in ensuring a safe and effective response force for fire suppression, emergency medical services, and specialty response situations in addition to homeland security issues. Creating an Integrated Risk Management Plan: Standards of Cover requires that a number of areas be researched, studied, and evaluated. The following report will begin with an overview of both the community and the agency. Following this overview, the report will discuss areas such as risk assessment, critical task analysis, agency service level objectives, and distribution and concentration measures. The report will provide documentation of reliability studies and historical performance through charts and graphs. The report will conclude with policy recommendations. Coppell, TX Fire Department Standards of Cover – Executive summary 2 2 Executive Summary The City of Coppell retained Emergency Services Consulting International to conduct a Standards of Cover (SOC) study for the City of Coppell. Emergency Services Consulting International (ESCI) is an international firm providing specialized, high quality, professional fire, EMS, police and communications consulting services to organizations throughout the United States and Canada. ESCI, the consulting arm of the International Association of Fire Chiefs (IAFC), has been meeting the needs of emergency services providers since 1976. ESCI consistently provides innovative and sustainable recommendations readily understood by the public and useful to elected officials for setting sound public safety policy. Utilizing over 30 consultants nationwide who are leaders in their respective fields, ESCI provides consulting services to municipalities, districts, non-profit organizations and the industrial and commercial community. The purpose for completing such a document is to assist the agency in ensuring a safe and effective response force for fire suppression, emergency medical services, and specialty response situations in addition to homeland security issues. This document describes the Coppell Fire Department’s (CFD) Standards of Coverage and Deployment Plan. Community risks, response resources, deployment strategies, and service levels have been evaluated in this study. The document identifies and discusses response time objectives and standards for measuring the effectiveness of fire department services and the deployment of its resources. The document is segregated into components based on the format recommended by the Center for Public Safety Excellence. Coppell Fire Department has existed as a municipal subdivision of the City of Coppell since 1958. Coppell, Texas, was originally incorporated on December 19, 1955 as a "Town" under the provisions of Chapter 11, Title 28, Revised Civil Statutes of Texas, eventually changing its name to the City of Coppell. The Home Rule Charter for the City of Coppell was adopted by vote of the qualified voters of the city on January 18, 1986 (Ord. No. 336, Ord. No. 3421). The Home Rule Charter adopted the council-manager form of government (Charter Article 1, Section 1.01). Coppell is a city in the northwest corner of Dallas County in the U.S. state of Texas. It is a suburb of Dallas and a bedroom community in the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex. Coppell has a population of Coppell, TX Fire Department Standards of Cover – Executive Summary 3 3 40,310 (2016), and a geographic area of 14.57 square miles, located in Dallas and Denton Counties. In addition to serving the City of Coppell, CFD responds under mutual aid agreements with neighboring fire departments in Carrolton, Farmers Branch, Dallas-Fort Worth Airport Fire Services, Grapevine, Irving and other proximal departments in the North Texas Metroplex. Coppell’s demographics are primarily residential in nature with significant commercial and light industrial areas in the Highway 635 and 121 corridors of the city. The fire department provides services to Coppell residents from facilities located at 520 Southwestern Boulevard (Station 1), 366 South MacArthur Boulevard (Station 2) and 133 Parkway Boulevard (Station 3). The Administrative offices are located at 265 Parkway Boulevard. Coppell is unique in also having a Life Safety Park located at 820 South Coppell Road. The stations house a total of three fire engines, one aerial truck and, three Advanced Life Support ambulances. The department employs a total of 88 personnel involved in delivering services to the city. Staffing coverage for emergency response is through career firefighter/paramedic personnel assigned to 24-hour rotating shifts. An administrative staff and chief officers provide administration, incident support and oversight, on significant incidents. The Insurance Services Office (ISO) reviews the fire protection resources within communities and provides a Community Fire Protection Rating system from which insurance rates are often based. The rating system evaluates three primary areas: the emergency communication and dispatch system, the fire department, and the community’s water supply. The overall rating is then expressed as a number between 1 and 10, with 1 being the highest level of protection and 10 being unprotected or nearly so. As of the latest survey ISO gave CFD a rating of Class 1. This is the highest rating possible and contributes to lower insurance rates and fire risk for the citizens and businesses within the City of Coppell. In the SOC process, potential service area classifications are broken down into five categories: • Metropolitan – a population density of over 3,000 people per square mile. These areas are distinguished by mid-rise and high-rise buildings, often interspersed with smaller structures. Coppell, TX Fire Department Standards of Cover – Executive summary 4 4 • Urban – geography with a population of over 30,000 people and/or a population density of over 2,000 people per square mile. • Suburban – geography with a population of 10,000 to 29,999 and/or a population density of between 1,000 and 2,000 people per square mile. • Rural – geography with a total population of less than 10,000 people or with a population density of less than 1,000 people per square mile. • Wilderness/Frontier/Undeveloped – geography that is both rural and not readily accessible by a publicly or privately maintained road. The population density in the City of Coppell study area ranges between metropolitan, urban, suburban. Since the vast majority of the city meets the urban category, CFD has developed a single set of response goals targeting the urban category, rather than developing separate and potentially redundant goals for metropolitan, urban, and suburban classifications. ESCI developed sample service delivery outcome goals in this Standards of Cover (Figure 19) that will accommodate the metropolitan, urban, and suburban areas of the response area. These statements have been synthesized by ESCI using its understanding of community expectations, to provide CFD with a better understanding of the needs and expectations of the communities within each service area. 
 Overview of Community Risk Assessment The Community Risk Assessment provides an assessment of community risk and potential risks present in the service area. Physical, economic, and demographic data is utilized to assess the hazards and risks threatening the community. This includes exposure to natural and man-made disasters. The 2015 Dallas County Hazard Mitigation Action Plan (HazMAP) describes various natural and man- made hazards that exist in the City of Coppell. The plan was adopted in 2009 and was developed to comply with the Federal Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000. Hazard Vulnerability Analysis Based on the narrative descriptions of the various hazards commonly found throughout the Coppell Fire Department primary response area, a numerical ranking of community hazards has been developed. Historical incident data as well an assessment of the community and its vulnerabilities was used to numerically rate each potential hazard. Community hazards were segregated into broad categories as follows: Coppell, TX Fire Department Standards of Cover – Executive Summary 5 5 • Structure Fires • Non-structure Fires • EMS-Medical Assist • Rescue • Hazardous Materials • Natural Hazards • Technological Hazards • Human Hazards Within each of the categories, more specific hazards were identified and a probability score between zero (representing “Not Applicable”) and three (representing “High”) was assigned to each. A severity score was then developed for each of the sub-categories using the same scale for impact and a reverse scale for preparedness and response. The overall scores were then used to generate a relative risk score based on what percentage of each risk applied to Coppell. Complete documentation of categorical scoring can be found in Appendix B of this document. Based on the completed hazard vulnerability analysis, the following representation of relative community risk was developed. Hazard Specific Relative Risk Emergency medical incidents represent the highest level of relative risk within Coppell, followed by non- structure fires, structure fires, hazardous material and rescue incidents. This correlates to the high volume of non-fire and ‘other’ incidents to which the department responds. The probability of each type Coppell, TX Fire Department Standards of Cover – Executive summary 6 6 of incident is relatively moderate; the potential severity of each incident is equal to the probability of the occurrence, as illustrated in the following figure. Relative Community Impact As can be seen from the preceding figure, the relative community impact is equal to the potential probability. In other words, the incident probability is moderate, and when an incident does occur, the potential community impact is relatively the same in comparison. Or to put another way, the risk of incidents within the city is moderate but when the fire department responds there is a high likelihood they are needed and the severity of the incident warrants the response. Emergency Medical Event Sequence Cardiac arrest is the most significant life-threatening medical event in emergency medicine today. A victim of cardiac arrest has mere minutes in which to receive lifesaving care if there is to be any hope for resuscitation. The American Heart Association (AHA) issued a set of cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidelines designed to streamline emergency procedures for heart attack victims and to increase the likelihood of survival. The AHA guidelines include goals for the application of cardiac defibrillation to cardiac arrest victims. Cardiac arrest survival chances fall by seven to ten percent for every minute between collapse and defibrillation. Consequently, the AHA recommends cardiac defibrillation within five minutes of cardiac arrest. Coppell, TX Fire Department Standards of Cover – Executive Summary 7 7 As with fires, the sequence of events that lead to emergency cardiac care can be graphically illustrated, as in the following figure: The percentage of opportunity for recovery from cardiac arrest drops quickly as time progresses. The stages of medical response are very similar to the components described for a fire response. Recent research stresses the importance of rapid cardiac defibrillation and administration of certain medications as a means of improving the opportunity for successful resuscitation and survival. Dynamics of Fire in Buildings Most fires within buildings develop in a predictable fashion, unless influenced by highly flammable material. Ignition, or the beginning of a fire, starts the sequence of events. It may take several minutes or even hours from the time of ignition until a flame is visible. This smoldering stage is very dangerous, especially during times when people are sleeping, since large amounts of highly toxic smoke may be generated during this phase. Once flames do appear, the sequence continues rapidly. Combustible material adjacent to the flame heat and ignite, which in turn heats and ignites other adjacent materials if sufficient oxygen is present. As the objects burn, heated gases accumulate at the ceiling of the room. Some of the gases are flammable and highly toxic. The spread of the fire from this point continues quickly. Soon the flammable Coppell, TX Fire Department Standards of Cover – Executive summary 8 8 gases at the ceiling as well as other combustible material in the room of origin reach ignition temperature. At that point, an event termed “flashover” occurs; the gases and other material ignite, which in turn ignites everything in the room. Once flashover occurs, damage caused by the fire is significant and the environment within the room can no longer support human life. Flashover usually occurs about five to eight minutes from the appearance of flame in typically furnished and ventilated buildings. Since flashover has such a dramatic influence on the outcome of a fire event, the goal of any fire agency is to apply water to a fire before flashover occurs. The National Fire Protection Association found that fires contained to the room of origin (typically extinguished prior to or immediately following flashover) had significantly lower rates of death, injury, and property loss when compared to fires that had an opportunity to spread beyond the room of origin (typically extinguished post-flashover). As evidenced in the following figure, fire losses, casualties, and deaths rise significantly as the extent of fire damage increases: Coppell, TX Fire Department Standards of Cover – Executive Summary 9 9 Fire Extension in Residential Structures – United States CONSEQUENCE OF FIRE EXTENSION IN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES 2003 - 2007 Extension Rates Per 1,000 Fires Civilian Deaths Civilian Injuries Average Dollar Loss Per Fire Confined to room of origin or smaller 2.44 25.67 $5,317 Confined to floor of origin 16.18 72.79 $34,852 Confined to building of origin or larger 27.54 54.26 $60,064 Future Service Demand Projections It is not the intent of this study to be a definitive authority for the projection of future population in the CFD service area, but rather to base recommendations for future fire protection and emergency services needs on a reasonable association with projected service demand. Since it is known that the service demand for emergency agencies is based almost entirely on human activity, it is important to have a population-based projection of the future size of the community. The following figure uses the population projections and applies a per capita incident rate derived from the CFD incident data to provide a picture of future service demand. Examination of CFD historical service demand reveals that service demand increased by nearly seven percent (6.8 percent) between 2014 and 2016. In addition, to the population based projection; a projection based on historical service demand is provided in the following figure. Coppell, TX Fire Department Standards of Cover – Executive summary 10 10 Projected Service Demand Based on population growth and per capita incident rate, the demand for fire department services in the Coppell service area is projected to increase by 22.3 percent by 2040. This represents an increase of approximately 4.5 percent every five years. The projection based on historical service demand predicts CFD service demand increasing to approximately 5,800 incidents (79.4 percent) by 2040. SERVICE DELIVERY AND PERFORMANCE The delivery of fire department emergency services is no more effective than the sum of its parts. It requires efficient notification of an emergency and a rapid response from well-located facilities with appropriate apparatus staffed with a sufficient number of well-trained personnel following a plan of action. EMS incidents represent the highest percentage in incidents at 60.8 percent. Fire incidents represent slightly higher than two percent (2.2 percent) of overall service demand during the study period. After EMS incidents, service calls and false alarms constitute the greatest amount of service demand at approximately twelve percent each. NFIRS Category 2014 2015 2016 2014-2016 1- Fire 2.8% 1.9% 1.9% 2.2% 2- Explosion/Rupture 0.2% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 3- EMS 59.2% 61.4% 61.7% 60.8% 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 Per Capita Incidents 3,233 3,505 3,617 3,729 3,841 3,953 Historical Service Demand 3,233 3,759 4,297 4,834 5,372 5,801 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 Coppell, TX Fire Department Standards of Cover – Executive Summary 11 11 NFIRS Category 2014 2015 2016 2014-2016 4- Hazardous Condition 4.0% 4.2% 3.7% 4.0% 5- Service Call 14.8% 12.1% 10.3% 12.4% 6- Good Intent Call 7.3% 7.8% 9.6% 8.2% 7- False Alarm/False Call 11.8% 12.2% 12.5% 12.1% 8- Severe Weather and Natural Disaster 0.0% 0.2% 0.2% 0.1% 9- Special Incident/Other 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% CFD Station Distribution-Four and Eight Minutes’ Travel The following figure shows that approximately 78 percent of CFD emergency service demand is within four minutes’ travel of a CFD station. This is 12 percent below the NFPA best practice and CFD target goal of a four-minute travel time response 90% of the time. All emergency incidents displayed occurred within eight minutes’ travel of a fire station. This 78% compliance level is indicative of a need to add and relocate stations to meet the 90% target goal and NFPA standard. Coppell, TX Fire Department Standards of Cover – Executive summary 12 12 Travel Time Model 2014-2016 The following figure demonstrates Total Response Time, which is composed of the following components: • Call Processing Time – The amount of time between when a dispatcher answers the 911 call and resources are dispatched. • Turnout Time – The time interval between when units are notified of the incident and when the apparatus are enroute. • Travel Time – The amount of time the responding unit actually spends travelling to the incident. Coppell, TX Fire Department Standards of Cover – Executive Summary 13 13 • Total Response Time – Total Response Time equals the combination of “Processing Time”, “Turnout Time”, and “Travel Time”. CFD tracks and reports all the components of response time listed above. The following figure displays CFD performance for the various components of total response time. Average and 90 th percentile performance is calculated. CFD Emergency Response Performance, All Emergency Incidents, 2014-2016 Call Processing Time Turnout Time Travel Time Total Response Time Average 00:21 01:19 03:34 05:08 90th Percentile 00:35 02:03 05:28 07:19 Overall, CFD emergency travel time performance for all three stations is 5 minutes 28 seconds. Station 1 demonstrates the longest travel time performance (05:45), while Station 2 displays the shortest emergency travel time performance (05:04). The Station 1 first due area is approximately one square mile larger than the either the Station 2 or Station 3 service areas. In the Distribution analysis, the travel time model identifies areas beyond four minutes travel from the current CFD stations. To address this extended response time, relocation of Station 1 and an additional station in the western portion of Coppell are discussed in the Future Options section of this report. RECOMMENDATIONS During the course of this study, a number of issues, concerns, and opportunities were identified. The following recommendations are intended to accomplish the primary objectives listed below: 1. Define and adopt expected service levels and performance standards to be provided by the fire department. 2. Identify service level improvement opportunities that can be implemented as funding becomes available. 3. Identify opportunities that will accommodate expanded collaboration and implementation of cooperative effort strategies between CFD and NTCC participants as well as neighboring jurisdictions. Coppell, TX Fire Department Standards of Cover – Executive summary 14 14 The recommendations are described as improvement goals and should be implemented as funding allows. Each will improve the department’s ability to provide effective service to the community. Improvement Goal A: Formally Adopt Response Time Standards and Targets In this report, ESCI emphasizes the importance of response standards and targets. These standards establish measurable goals for service delivery, which then form the baseline for the deployment of resources. Without defined goals and targets, an organization is unable to appropriately identify how effectively it is providing services that meet community expectations. The following figure displays combined performance goals for the various components of total response time: Recommended Response Goals – Components of Response Time 90TH PERCENTILE PERFORMANCE BENCHMARK GOALS (FIRST APPARATUS ON SCENE)-ANY EMERGENCY INCIDENT Call Processing Time Turnout Time Travel Time Response Time (Dispatched To First Apparatus On Scene) Total Response Time (Received At Dispatch To Arrived) Performance Goal 01:00 01:30 04:00 05:30 06:30 Improvement Goal B: Improve Turnout Time Performance Turnout time is the one component of total response time over which the fire department has control and is not affected by outside influences. Turnout time, or the time from when the call is received by the response units (dispatched) to when the unit is en-route to the scene (responding), affects overall response times. Reducing this response time component reduces total response time. Improvement Goal C: Improve the Delivery of Emergency Medical Service Responses to requests for emergency medical service represent the greatest percentage of the CFD’s response activity. As the service most requested by CFD’s customers, it is imperative that it be provided in the most effective and efficient manner possible. Coppell, TX Fire Department Standards of Cover – Executive Summary 15 15 Medical Priority Dispatch System Appropriate triage and dispatching of emergency medical calls is a component of maintaining the viability and integrity of an EMS service delivery system. The use of a Medical Priority Dispatch System (MPDS) allows for a more efficient utilization of emergency and non-emergency resources. Instead of sending a full complement of EMS responders, travelling with lights and sirens to every medical incident, including minor ones, calls are triaged at the dispatch center. Using a nationally accepted system of screening and prioritizing information for a caller, the appropriate level of response is then determined to assure an effective level of resource allocation to a serious emergency, while also limiting the volume and speed of response to minor incidents. Once the EMS system is appropriately triaging and dispatching medical emergency calls, the CFD will be able to better utilize resources, allowing them to adapt to future increased call volume and expanded service delivery. Improvement Goal D: Improve Upon Response Deployment and Effective Response Force Assembly Effective Response Force Performance Goals A fire department’s concentration is the spacing of multiple resources close enough together so that an initial “Effective Response Force” (ERF) for a given risk can be assembled on the scene of an emergency within the specific time frame identified in the community’s performance goals for that risk type. An initial effective response force is defined as that which will be most likely to stop the escalation of the emergency. ESCI recommends the following 90th percentile ERF response performance goals for structure fires: Coppell, TX Fire Department Standards of Cover – Executive summary 16 16 Recommended Effective Response Force (ERF) Goal– Structure Fire AGENCY DEFINED ERF Coppell Full assignment of three engines, two aerials, 2 ambulance, and a command vehicle – 22 personnel Recommended Response Goals – Components of Response Time 90TH PERCENTILE PERFORMANCE BENCHMARK GOALS (Effective Response Force)-Structure Fires Call Processing Time Turnout Time Travel Time Response Time (Dispatched To First Apparatus On Scene) Total Response Time (Received At Dispatch To Arrived) Performance Goal 01:00 01:30 08:00 09:30 10:30 Improvement Goal E: Evaluate Current and Future Station Locations to Improve Response Add New Station Four and Relocate Station One To meet the proposed response time standards, ESCI recommends that CFD relocate station one to the S. Denton Tap and E. Beltline area. This will result in an enhanced response to the east and southern areas of the existing station one response area that is not currently meeting the four-minute response time goal 90 percent of the time. This station location will also provide for a four-minute response time in the station one and three response districts with identified response gaps, as well as enhancing the citywide ERF capabilities. It is also recommended that a new station four be located at S. Royal and North point area. This will provide the 121/635 industrial corridor and western portion of the city with a four-minute initial response and ERF that is currently not available. Based on the commercial, warehouse and industrial nature of this district, ESCI recommends a four-person quint apparatus be staffed in the proposed station four. This combined engine company and aerial apparatus capability will be beneficial for the proposed station four response area. The following figure shows the enhanced response capabilities reaching call currently out of a four-minute travel time and brining a 92 percent travel time compliance to all emergency priority calls which meets the recommended response time and national standards. Coppell, TX Fire Department Standards of Cover – Executive Summary 17 17 Coppell, TX Fire Department Standards of Cover – Executive summary 18 18 The following figure provides a series of triggers and criteria when a new and permanent fire station is essential. Based on the current call volume and performance, the CFD falls under the essential criteria with over 30% of the calls in the industrial and commercial area (proposed station four) and station one current response area having extended travel times over four minutes from the existing stations. CRITERION GRID TO DETERMINE WHEN A NEW STATION IS NEEDED Action Choices Travel Distance ——————— Criterion ——————— Response Time Parameter Out of Area Calls Building/Risk Inventory Maintain status quo All risks within 1.5 miles 1st due company is within 5 minutes total response time, 90 percent of the time 100 percent in first due area Existing inventory and infill Temporary facilities and minimal staffing Risks 1.5 to 3.0 miles from existing station 1st due company Exceeds 4-minutes travel time 10% of the time, but never exceeds 8 minutes More than 10% of calls are in adjacent area New area has 25% of same risk distribution as in initial area Permanent station needed Risk locations exceeding 4.0 miles from the station 1st due company Exceeds 4-minutes travel time 20-25% of the time. Some calls < 8 minutes More than 20- 25% of calls are in outlying area New area has 35% of same risk distribution as in initial area of coverage Permanent station essential Outlying risk locations exceeding 5.0 miles from the 1st station 1st due company Exceeds 4-minutes travel time 30% of the time. Some calls <10 minutes More than 30% of calls are in outlying area New area has 50% of same risk distribution as in initial area Improvement Goal F: Enhance General Partnering Strategies Utilizing Enhanced Automatic and Mutual Aid Potential efficiencies that may be gained from some form of cooperative service delivery can be categorized using an escalating level of cooperation between the City of Coppell and other area agencies. General partnering strategies fall in a range from remaining autonomous to the creation of a seamless automatic aid closest unit response matrix. Coppell, TX Fire Department Standards of Cover – Executive Summary 19 19 The recommendation to identify specific response area needs and implementing the subsequent mutual and automatic aid agreements has been mentioned throughout this report. ESCI recommends these specific response areas and corresponding run card assignments be developed that specify specific Coppell units as well as automatic aid resources as part of the initial dispatch. Conclusion The ESCI project team began collecting information concerning the Coppell Fire Department in April of 2017. The team members recognize this report contains a large amount of information and ESCI would like to thank the CFD staff and many officials for their efforts in bringing this project to fruition. ESCI would also like to thank the various individuals and external organizations for their input, opinions, and candid conversations throughout this process. It is ESCI’s sincere hope the information contained in this report is used to its fullest extent and the emergency services provided to the Citizens of Coppell and the surrounding area will be improved by its implementation.