DR9604-CS 951106FROM
817 8857559
(MON) ll. 06'95
16:5~"~T. 16:45/N0, 3561627604 P
I/7
LJ,$,/~IMY COFIP8 OF
Fort Wol'l~ IN~triot Plannillg Divt,~iofl
81g Taylor $~'eet
Fort Worth, TX
Date: Nov~nber 6, 1995
P~g~.'~' ~
(including cov~r)
TO: City of Coppell
Name: Mr. Keo C~if~
Ol'flee: City Eng~eer
Td~bone:
(214) 3O4-3679
FAX Number:
(214) 304-3673
FROM:
Name: C~ne T. Pice, Ir.
U.S. Army Corps of E~gJneeats, ATTN: CESWF-PL-M
P.O. Box 17300, Ft. Worth, TX 76102,0300
Tdephon~:
(817) 334-21g'/
FAX Numbs:
(817) 885-7539
Attached are two descriptions of the authorities that we have for environmental
restoration. Please look thereto over and then call me if you need more explanation
or to discuss a possible scope of work/meeting.
Thank You
Authorization Sill~mture ~
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ENVIRONMENTAL RESTORATION PROJECTS
Section ~ 136 of the Water Resources Development Act of ~986
(As reflecting EC ~ ~05-2-206, ~995)
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e
e
The Section 1135 program is a Continuing Authority of the Chief of Engineers authorized by the
Water Resource Development Act of 1988 and amended in 1988 and 1990.
Under Section 1135, the Corps is authorfzed to modify the structures or operations of projects
that were constructed prior to 1986 for the purpose of improving the quality of the environment in
the public interest.
The Program is authorized nationally at $25,000,000 per year for the purpose of restoring
degraded habitats to conditions prior to modem impact.
The program focuses on, but is not limited to lands directly Impacted by Corps projects. The
objective of an 1135 project should be restoring degraded ecosystem structure, function, and
dynamic processes to a less degraded, more natural condition, which will involve consideration
of the ecosystem's natural integrity, productivity, stability and biological diversity.
Cost Sharing by a non-Federal entity in the amount of 25 percent is required for total cost of
restoration projects with costs of the feasibility study being reimbursable after project
implementation. If no operation and maintenance is required, the sponsor may be a non-
governmental entity.
To initiate a Section 1135 study, a letter to the District from the project sponsor is required which
indicates an understanding of the Section 1135 program and a desire to participate in a particular
project.
Individual projects may be implemented up to a limit of $5,000,000 and study costs should be
limited to 10% of the total implementation cost.
Projects should result in structural and/or operational modifications to existing Corps of
Engineers projects.
Studies are conducted in two phases equivalent to reconnaissance and feasibility;
· · The "reconnaissance" phase is very short and results in an "Preliminary Relocation Plan"
(PRP) which is a fact sheet identifying the problem, project sponsor, proposed project,
and estimates of study and implementation costs.
ee If Preliminary Relocation Plan projects a Federal cost of less than $200,000, the PRP will
serve as the basis for plans and specifications and a PMR will not be required.
ee The "feasibility" phase takes normally 12 months and results in a "Project Modification
Report" (PMR) containing a description and justification of the recommended restoration
plan along with a draft Project Cost Shadng Agreement (PCA).
At completion of the Project Modification Report, a letter is required from the project sponsor
which states support for the project and a willingness to enter into the PCA.
The PCA contains provisions that the project sponsor will reimburse 25% of the study costs,
assume 25% of the implementation costs, and assume all operation and maintenance of the
environmental restoration project (if any).
8·often 1135 - Page I 3 November 1995
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Upon approval of the Project Modification Repor~ by higher Corps authority, preparation of Plans
& Specifications (P&S) is initiated.
Execution of the PCA and real estate instruments (if any) by the District and project sponsor
must occur during P&S.
Implemenf, ation of the project should not exceed 18 months.
Land Acquisition should not exceed 25 percent of the project.
Erosion control for water' quality or control of sedimentation is acceptable.
If an on-going feasibility study exists consider investigation of environmental features under that
study rather than propose separate modifications under Section 1135.
Work-in-kind is authorized for non-Federal Sponsor's share of post feasibility phase design,
including plans and specifications, material acquisition, and pl'oject construction.
Necessary land acquisition (LERRD's) may count toward non-Federal sponsors cost share, but
not to exceed 25 percent.
Seelion 1135 - P~e 2
'~ N~ml~r '1 gg5
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ENVIRONMENTAL RESTORATION POLICY AND GUIDANCE
(Contained in BC] 105-2-2t0, dated 1 lune 1995)
E~osystem Restoration Pro_exam Philosopllk~L~p_l:di~.
W'tthin the Civil Works program, priority will lac 8hren to projects for ~on of de~m-aded
{~Cos_vstem tim_ ctions and values, inc, I_udi~_ its hydrolo_~y_ plaot and animal communities,
pot'lions ltmreo£ to a leal dg~_m'sded ecological conditioRIT~ 1 I-2-_163). Budgetary priority will be
givcr~ to cases where Corps projects contribu~--d to the degradation of the ecosystem or where
modification of exis~ Corps projects is the most cost-~-ffective means ofrestorinlg the resotwcez.
Ecosystem restoratioo activities examine the condition of existing ecosystems, or portions
thereof, and determine the feasibility of restoring degraded ecosystem structure, function, and
dynamic processes to a Jess degraded, natural condition. Ecosystem restoration provides a more
comprehensive approach for addressing the problems associated with disturbed and degraded
ecological resources than does focusing only on fish and wild[fie habitat.
Corps activities in ecosystem restoration will concentrate oa engineering solutions to water
and related land resources problems. The Corps principal focus M ecosystem restoration will be on
those ecological resources and processes that are directly associated with, or directly dependent upon,
the hydrologic regime of thc ecosystem and watershed(s). Not all ecosystem restoration
oppommities arc appropriate for Corps involvement. There will be instances where components of
eco~-tem restoration problems or oppommifie$ are better addressed by other agencies through their
missions and programs. 'l'bose restoration opportunities that involve modification of hydrology or
substrate are likely to bc most appropriate for Corps initiatives. Such activities are most likely to
address ecosystems associated with wetlands, riparian and aquatic systems. Budget limitations
require the Corps to focus its restoration efforts on those initiatives most closely tied to Corps
missions and areas of expertise. Generally, it will not be appropriate for the Corps to conduct
ecosystem restoration activities on upland, terrestrial sites that are not closely linked to water and
related land rcsources, as defined in the P&O.
Water quality ia roc~gnized as an important component o£ecosystem s~e. This is one
area, however, where distinetioas can be made betwee~ the role of the Corps v~rsus that of other
agencies in ecosystem restoration. The Corps role in rehabilitating water quality as a structaral
component of ccosystems will be more one of. hydrologic manipulation to control various water
cp,slity parameters, than pollution abatement, which is under the purview of other agencies. Corps
restoration initiatives may involve changes in flows to improve aeration, temperature and turbidity
and o~ec parameters. Ii' the ecosystem restoration opportunity includes othex aspects o£ water
quality that come under thc missions of other agencies (e.g, pollutant regulation or removal) it ii
appropriate to pur~ue an intc~agency ecosystem management approach with these relwam agencies
to provide them an opportunity to usc their respective authoritics to implement a more complete and
sustainable approach to the restoration. The Corps will not propose, for Corps implementation, any
$octim: ~0~- P~I'.~ ! a Novmab~ 1995
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ecosystem restoration a~tivities that would prindpally rcs.dr in ~ting or otherwise abatin~ pollution
problems clms~ by others wher~ there is, or is likely to be, a legal respo~ibi~ty for remedt~on by
those parties.
Federal Involyement ~ Authorities,
The Federal involvement in environmental quality, which would include ecosystem
restor~at, is supported in law, Executive Order, and ~r, aty. A number of these general staternenis
(Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958; Federal Water Project Recreltion Act of 1965; the
National Environmenttd Policy A~ of 1969 (lq~PA); WRDA I956; and WRDA 1990) declar~ it
zt,u-ional polic~' that full consideration be given to the opportunkies which projects s. fford to ecologival
resources. In addition, ~llthOrifies for new individual stuclJ, es and projects to restore ecological
resources (e.g., Kissimmee River, Florids4 Yolo Basin Wetlands, California), as well ~ts regional.
resto~on programs (e.g., Upper Mississippi River System Environmental Management Program)
hive been provided in le~slatJon.
Section 306, WRDA 1990 authorizes the Secretary of the Army to include environmental
prote~on ss one of the primary missions ortho Corps. In some instance, it is appropriate to include
protev-fion measires ss part of Corps ecosystem re~toration initiatives. Such mea.sur~ are most
appropriate if they require Corps engineering expertise in accomplishing the protection measure.
Protection measures can also be under~aken as part of natural resource management and
envirorane~ntal dredging studio. Section 307(a), WRDA 1990 cstabiish~ 'no net [ess of wetlands"
and an "ir~crease in the quality and quantity of the Nation's wetlands" as goals of the water resources
development program. Sections 306 and 307, WRDA 1990 support the Corps pursuit of
oppor'amities to protect and restore existing ecological resources and their value~ in conjunction with
planning for new projects and in thc operation of existing projects.
Planrgn_g studie~ (reconniissanc¢ and feasibility studie~) for ecosystem restoration will be
.m. rthorized in the same manner that flood damage reduction and navigation projects are authorized,
i.e., by inclividual ~udy authorities, by Conl~re.~sional reselutioos, or by favorable ro~oz~nais,~ance
studies initiated under Section 216, River and Harbor and Flood Control Act of 1970. Ecosystem-
based resto~en can also be pursued under the Continuing Authorities Program, the Section 1135,
· I/RDA 1956 Program, and the authority of Section 204, Vg~R.DA 1992 for beneficial use of dredsed
ma~visl.
Federal Ob_|ectivis.
The Federsl ob~ec'five in water resources planning is to contribute to National Economic
Development ('NED) in order to alleviate problems and/or realize oppor'rimjties related to water and
related land rec~urces, consisteot with protecting the Nation's environment (P&G). The P&G allow
for thc formulation of alternative plans which reduce net NED benefits in order to address other
Federal, State, lo~al and in~onal concerns not fully addrcssed by the NED plan. The P&O state
that the NED plan is to be selected unless the Secretary of the Army grants an exception to selecting
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tile NED plan when'~ere ~ overfidi~ reasons for selecting anoth~ plan. Such overriding reasons
/ndude F~d~al~ State, tribal, local and international concerns, as well as the prey/sion of ~gnificant
environmental outputs such a~ ecosystem restoration.
The Co~s Civil Works budget guidance es~dSm priority to the restoration o£ecos~stems and
associated ecolosical resources. Therefore, con-~istent with the analytical framework established by
the P&G, plans to address ecosystem restoration should be formulated, and measures for,restoring
ecological resources may be recommended, based on their monetary and non-monetary benefits.
These measures do not need to exh/bit net NED benefits and should be viewed on the basis of non-
monetary outputs compatible with the P&G selection criteria, and be offered for consideration and
budget support.
Planners must continue to rema/n aware of opportunities to also eonm'bute to NED when
formulating plans for ecosystem restoration. Quantifiable economic benefits of'these restoration
projects ~tem flora changes in economic values assodated w/th ecosystem improvement. Restorat/on
projects which accomplish water quality improvement, habkat restoration, recreation, flood damage
reduction, etc., are most likely to possess both NED and environmental quality (EQ) benefits.
All eCOsystem restoration projects will be cost shared in accordance with applicable law and
Army polio7. Curtain Corps policy on cost-shadng for ecosystem restoralion is 50 pa'cent
Federal/50 percent non-Federal for the feamibility study, 75 percent Federal/J5 pem~ non-Federal
for impl~nentafion {preconrauct-ion engineering and design, con~tmction), and 100 pemem nmi-
Federal for operation, ma/n~ance, repair, rehabilitation, and replacement (OMRR&R). The
planting team should establish early dialogue with potential non-Federal partners to a~r,e,~n their
willingness to eo~t share in the planning, Lmplementation, and operations/maintenance of the
restoration project. It is particularly important that potential cost-sharing partners understand the
Corps ecosystem restoration program philosophy. The Corps now focuses on ecosystems and plant
end animal communities rath~ than on re, xa'eation-ol'jented (hunting and fishing) out-puts.
and Post-Planning Considerations,
a. Ada?ave Mana_eement. Because of the relative new~¢ss of restoration science and
uncertainty in ecosystem restoration plarm~, theor/es, and tools, success can vary due to a var/ety
o/' technical and site specific factors. Recogrgzing this uncertainty, it is prudent to a/Iow for
contingencies to address restoration problems during, or after, project construction. To accomplish
this, a t~chnique called "adaptive management" should be considered for inclusion in restoration
projects recognized during planning to have the potemial for uncertainty in achieving restoration
objectives.
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At the heart of adaptive mallagement, and the cornerstone for its success, is, ~. carefully
designed monitoring program that begins during construction and continues for a specified period
st~er the project bas been completed. Und~ ad~ptive manasement, restoration measures are
implemented and monitored, feedb~k is provided based on new i~silr, hts b, ained on the response of
the ecosystem and its r~ources, and adjustments made to the projeot aa necessary and feasible.
b. ~. Moriitotin~ programs should be de,signed to evaluate whether restoration
measures are working az desilpted. Morgtoring will be especialJy helpful when new, unproven
restoration techniques are being applied, and when significant levels of uncertainty prevail at the t~me
ofimpll~on. The ~on obtained from monitorin& can be used to ascertain whether: 1)
projects have bcc~ designed and constructed in. accordance with technical specifications; 2) the
project is functi~ as per its objectives; 3) adjustmcnts for unforeseen circumstance~ are needed;
and, 4) changes to structures or their operation, or managcment techniques are required.
When it is detemined that adaptive management and extensive post-construction monitoring
is warranted, ~t will be cost-shared with the local sponsor in accordance with the cost-shagng
breakdown for environmental projects (75 percent Federal, 25 percent non-Federal).
c. Operations__and Maintenance RequiremeatL The O~ of ecosystem restoration
features of separable restoraiion measures, not azsociat~ ~ a Federal program (e.g., National Fish
and Wildlife Ref~e, etc.) shall be the responsibility of the non-Federal local sponsor. Assignment
of such re.sponsib'dity shall be part of the items of local cooperation for thc project, to be tq~H:illed by
either a local sponsor or ag~ which will provide the necessary ~sur~nces to the Corps. It is very
impotent that the planning team coordinate closely with the operations and nalural resources
rnanag~n~ ¢Iementa ~n the district to assure that any O&M commitments, whether carried out by
the Corps or a local sponsor, are reasonable, attainable, and will serve the intended purpose.